Electromagnetic signals are the result of electrical currents and voltages. Whenever electricity is used to drive equipment, an electromagnetic signal ensues as well. These signals can be used to transmit information from one point to the next, or they can simply be a byproduct of the operation of equipment. Where the signals are unintended, we speak of electromagnetic noise. It is this noise that can cause equipment to malfunction, and manufacturers must therefore take steps to reduce the effects of noise. In this chapter we will mainly look at the unwanted noise, but for the purpose of explanation we will sometimes also refer to intended signals. Most people are more aware of the intended signal transmission than of unintended signals.
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